Adverse effects Īdverse effects, especially with higher doses, include dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, diarrhea, unusual dreams, trouble sleeping, depression, and vision problems. Metoprolol may be combined with hydrochlorothiazide (a diuretic) in a single tablet. The extended-release formulation is taken once a day. The medication is often taken twice a day. Metoprolol is sold in formulations that can be taken by mouth or given intravenously. Off-label uses include supraventricular tachycardia and thyroid storm. The different salt versions of metoprolol – metoprolol tartrate and metoprolol succinate – are approved for different conditions and are not interchangeable. It is an adjunct in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Metoprolol is used for a number of conditions, including hypertension, angina, acute myocardial infarction, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, congestive heart failure, and prevention of migraine headaches. In 2019, it was the fifth most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 74 million prescriptions. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Metoprolol was first made in 1969, patented in 1970, and approved for medical use in 1982. Stopping this drug should be done slowly to decrease the risk of further health problems. Care should be taken in patients with asthma metoprolol should only be used in these patients when the benefits outweigh the risks, for example in heart failure. The metabolism of metoprolol can vary widely between patients, often as a result of hepatic impairment or CYP2D6 polymorphism.
Risk in pregnancy has not been ruled out. Ĭommon side effects include trouble sleeping, feeling tired, feeling faint, and abdominal discomfort. The extended-release formulation is taken once per day. It is also used to prevent further heart problems after myocardial infarction and to prevent headaches in those with migraines. By working on the beta-1 receptor of the cardiac muscle cells, it yields both a chronotropic and inotropic effect. It is used to treat high blood pressure, chest pain due to poor blood flow to the heart, and a number of conditions involving an abnormally fast heart rate.
Metoprolol, sold under the brand name Lopressor, among others, is a selective β 1 receptor blocker medication.
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